TEHIC-Handbook_of_best_practices

4. Mapping the profession of heritage interpreter TEHIC Towards a European Heritage Interpretation Curriculum 62 closely related to natural and cultural heritage (which might be included in the value chain) to others that, in principle, do not seem so directly related to heritage, such as in - dustrial engineering or sport sciences, which may be indicative of the opening of heritage interpretation to new training profiles, something that is also shown by the ISN survey (Fredholm 2023b). The curricular references of participants at IE annual meetings can be added to the above information, which, although similar to those provided by the previous sources, show some differences in terms of the larger number of university professors, research - ers and consultants or owners of heritage and tourism planning and management companies, in some cases even international companies. We believe that this is due to the context of the source itself, as attendance at a meeting at European and international level tends to concentrate on this type of profile, which illustrates how heritage inter - preters can carry out their professional work through university teaching, senior administration, or business management at an international level. A head of interpretation and volunteers from a British museum should also be noted. In the United Kingdom, heritage interpretation is recognised as such in the organisation chart of English Heritage, the body that manages English cultural heritage, associated to the curatorial department under the category of "interpretation and learning”. 9 Finally, it is worth noting that a few of the participants have an interpretation certificate in one or more of the categories promoted by IE or the NAI (National Association for Interpretation, USA). 10 The increase in heritage enhancement actions and the recognition of new instrumen- tal values suggest further professional development of interpretation in the future. In this regard, it is worth noting the survey on public perception of archaeology and herit - age carried out in nine European countries between 2014 and 2015 on a statistically representative population in each country, as its results reveal a positive public appreci - ation of archaeology and cultural heritage in general, and suggest the need for better dissemination of heritage information in all the countries surveyed. (Kajda et al . 2017). 9 This organization chart shows the organisation relative status, and it is available at . Savage and Wyeth (2020) offer an example of how this organisation tackles interpretation at English castles. 10 IE offers courses on guide-interpreting, interpretative writer, interpretative planning, life interpretation and heritage interpretation trainer, all of them attested by the relevant certificate . The American association, NAI, offers two training courses for which a certification can be requested (interpretive host and interpretive guide) and for other courses for professionals with over five years expertise: heritage interpreter, interpretative trainer, interpretative planner, and interpretative manager.